diff --git a/backend/app/core/auth.py b/backend/app/core/auth.py
index 941070a..c59caff 100644
--- a/backend/app/core/auth.py
+++ b/backend/app/core/auth.py
@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ async def exchange_code_for_user(code: str) -> Optional[dict]:
         "code": code,
     }
 
-    async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=15, verify=False) as client:
+    async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=15) as client:
         try:
             resp = await client.post(token_url, data=data)
             if resp.status_code != 200:
-                logger.error(f"Casdoor token 换取失败: {resp.status_code} {resp.text}")
+                logger.error("Casdoor token 换取失败: status=%s", resp.status_code)
                 return None
 
             token_data = resp.json()
@@ -77,19 +77,16 @@ async def exchange_code_for_user(code: str) -> Optional[dict]:
                 logger.error("Casdoor 返回中没有 id_token")
                 return None
 
-            # 解码 id_token (JWT) payload，不验证签名（HTTPS 已保证传输安全）
-            # 生产环境建议验证 Casdoor 证书
             cert = _load_casdoor_certificate()
-            try:
-                payload = jwt.decode(
-                    id_token,
-                    key=cert or None,
-                    options={"verify_signature": bool(cert)},
-                    audience=settings.CASDOOR_CLIENT_ID,
-                )
-            except JWTError:
-                # 不验证签名的方式解码
-                payload = jwt.get_unverified_claims(id_token)
+            if not cert:
+                logger.error("Casdoor token 验证证书未配置")
+                return None
+
+            payload = jwt.decode(
+                id_token,
+                key=cert,
+                audience=settings.CASDOOR_CLIENT_ID,
+            )
 
             return payload
 
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_deployment_security.py b/backend/tests/test_deployment_security.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17ce8d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/tests/test_deployment_security.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
+
+ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
+
+
+def test_compose_does_not_embed_password_or_net_admin_capability():
+    compose = (ROOT / "docker-compose.yml").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+
+    assert "POSTGRES_PASSWORD=pingwatch123" not in compose
+    assert "NET_ADMIN" not in compose
+    assert "127.0.0.1:8001:8000" in compose
+
+
+def test_oauth_client_does_not_disable_tls_verification():
+    auth_source = (ROOT / "backend" / "app" / "core" / "auth.py").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+
+    assert "verify=False" not in auth_source
diff --git a/docker-compose.yml b/docker-compose.yml
index fc72bde..901f050 100644
--- a/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker-compose.yml
@@ -6,10 +6,9 @@ services:
     env_file:
       - ./backend/.env
     environment:
-      - DATABASE_URL=postgresql+asyncpg://pingwatch:pingwatch123@db:5432/pingwatch
       - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
     ports:
-      - "8001:8000"
+      - "127.0.0.1:8001:8000"
     depends_on:
       db:
         condition: service_healthy
@@ -18,8 +17,7 @@ services:
     networks:
       - pingwatch-net
     cap_add:
-      - NET_RAW          # 允许 ICMP ping
-      - NET_ADMIN        # 允许原始套接字
+      - NET_RAW
 
   frontend:
     build: ./frontend
@@ -40,9 +38,9 @@ services:
     restart: unless-stopped
     environment:
       - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
-      - POSTGRES_DB=pingwatch
-      - POSTGRES_USER=pingwatch
-      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=pingwatch123
+      - POSTGRES_DB=${POSTGRES_DB:-pingwatch}
+      - POSTGRES_USER=${POSTGRES_USER:-pingwatch}
+      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${POSTGRES_PASSWORD:?POSTGRES_PASSWORD must be set in backend/.env}
     volumes:
       - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
     healthcheck: