```

feat(import): 添加区域字段支持和改进模板路径处理

- 在OLT设备导入功能中添加region字段支持，从Excel模板读取区域信息
- 修复模板文件路径问题，使用相对路径动态构建模板文件路径
- 更新导入服务中的验证错误格式，包含行号和MAC地址信息

feat(check): 增强设备检测服务的端口信息同步

- 在CheckService中添加端口和OLT归属信息的同步逻辑
- 改进设备状态检查时的端口信息更新策略，避免用None覆盖现有值
- 扩展返回数据结构，包含端口ID、槽位号、端口号和OLT位置信息

feat(frontend): 添加设备列表刷新冷却机制和端口验证

- 实现设备状态刷新的60秒冷却时间限制，防止频繁操作
- 改进业务下发按钮的启用条件，同时支持port_id或slot_number+port_number组合
- 优化导入结果显示，显示具体的MAC地址信息

feat(olt): 添加重复MAC记录批量清除功能

- 新增批量清除重复MAC记录的功能，支持按OLT分组处理
- 实现SSH端口清除和自动忽略的批量操作流程
- 添加批量操作的进度提示和错误处理机制
```

frontend/src/views/DeviceList.vue

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@
         <el-button v-if="!isMobile && can('device.delete')" type="danger" plain size="small" @click="clearStatus" :loading="clearing">
           清空状态
         </el-button>
-        <el-button v-if="can('device.check')" type="warning" size="small" @click="refreshAllStatus" :loading="refreshing">
-          {{ refreshing ? '更新中…' : '全部更新' }}
+        <el-button v-if="can('device.check')" type="warning" size="small" @click="refreshAllStatus" :loading="refreshing" :disabled="refreshing || refreshCooldown > 0">
+          {{ refreshing ? '更新中…' : refreshCooldown > 0 ? `冷却 ${refreshCooldown}s` : '全部更新' }}
         </el-button>
         <el-button v-if="can('device.import')" type="success" size="small" @click="importDialogVisible = true">
           数据导入
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
                 v-if="can('device.edit')"
                 class="card-action-btn card-action-btn--primary"
                 @click.stop="openProvisionFromCard(device)"
-                :disabled="device.status !== 'online' || !device.port_id"
+                :disabled="device.status !== 'online' || (!device.port_id && !(device.slot_number && device.port_number))"
               >
                 <svg width="13" height="13" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2">
                   <polyline points="22 12 18 12 15 21 9 3 6 12 2 12"/>
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@
         <el-button v-if="can('device.check')" type="info" :loading="deviceRefreshing" @click="doRefreshDevice" :disabled="!selectedDevice.olt_id">更新</el-button>
         <el-button v-if="can('device.edit')" type="warning" @click="openReplace">更换</el-button>
         <el-button v-if="can('device.edit')" type="primary" @click="openEdit">编辑</el-button>
-        <el-button v-if="can('device.edit')" type="success" @click="openProvision" :disabled="selectedDevice.status !== 'online' || !selectedDevice.port_id">
+        <el-button v-if="can('device.edit')" type="success" @click="openProvision" :disabled="selectedDevice.status !== 'online' || (!selectedDevice.port_id && !(selectedDevice.slot_number && selectedDevice.port_number))">
           业务下发
         </el-button>
         <el-button @click="detailVisible = false">关闭</el-button>
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ save force</pre>
         />
         <div v-if="importResult.failed?.length" style="margin-top: 10px; max-height: 160px; overflow-y: auto">
           <div v-for="f in importResult.failed" :key="f.row" style="font-size: 12px; color: var(--danger); padding: 2px 0">
-            第 {{ f.row }} 行：{{ f.reason }}
+            第 {{ f.row }} 行<template v-if="f.mac">（{{ f.mac }}）</template>：{{ f.reason }}
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -521,6 +521,8 @@ const provisionVisible = ref(false)
 const provisionLoading = ref(false)
 const provisionResult = ref(null)
 const refreshing = ref(false)
+const refreshCooldown = ref(0)
+let cooldownTimer = null
 const clearing = ref(false)
 
 const editVisible = ref(false)
@@ -636,6 +638,7 @@ const clearStatus = async () => {
 }
 
 const refreshAllStatus = async () => {
+  if (refreshCooldown.value > 0) return
   refreshing.value = true
   checkResultVisible.value = true
   checkInProgress.value = true
@@ -654,6 +657,15 @@ const refreshAllStatus = async () => {
   } finally {
     checkInProgress.value = false
     refreshing.value = false
+    clearInterval(cooldownTimer)
+    refreshCooldown.value = 60
+    cooldownTimer = setInterval(() => {
+      refreshCooldown.value--
+      if (refreshCooldown.value <= 0) {
+        clearInterval(cooldownTimer)
+        refreshCooldown.value = 0
+      }
+    }, 1000)
   }
 }
 
@@ -691,6 +703,10 @@ const doRefreshDevice = async () => {
     selectedDevice.value.status = data.status
     selectedDevice.value.distance_m = data.distance_m
     if (data.model) selectedDevice.value.model = data.model
+    if (data.port_id !== undefined) selectedDevice.value.port_id = data.port_id
+    if (data.slot_number !== undefined) selectedDevice.value.slot_number = data.slot_number
+    if (data.port_number !== undefined) selectedDevice.value.port_number = data.port_number
+    if (data.olt_location !== undefined) selectedDevice.value.olt_location = data.olt_location
     ElMessage.success(`更新完成：${data.status === 'online' ? '在线' : '离线'}${data.distance_m ? '，距离 ' + formatDistance(data.distance_m) : ''}`)
     loadDevices()
   } catch (error) {